Police Department Use of Force Data, 2016-2022

Police Department Use of Force Data, 2016-2022

Use of Force data (UOF) collection and reporting requirements were updated significantly in 2016. This dataset reflects Use of Force incidents occurring between December 21, 2016, through April 11, 2022. Each record corresponds to an incident where an officer used force. For any incident, there may be more than one officer involved and/or more than one type of force used.

Use of Force data in this release was captured under the standards set forth in DGO 5.01, Use of Force, passed on December 21, 2016. Use of Force standards have changed in subsequent revisions of DGO 5.01 and care should be taken when comparing Use of Force data across differing standards.

How can this Dataset be best used?

The information is collected by department supervisors (usually Sergeants), and can be used to help understand the number, location, subject, reason for, and outcomes of, uses of force conducted by the San Francisco Police Department (SFPD).

This dataset can be used to provide counts of incidents involving use of force as well as counts of force, by type, date, subject demographics, and location.

What is Reasonable Force?

The San Franciso Police Department defines Reasonable Force as an objective standard of force viewed from the perspective of a reasonable officer, without the benefit of 20/20 hindsight, and based on the totality of the circumstances known to or perceived by the officer at the time. (SFPD DGO 5.01, Use of Force Policy (Rev. 12/21/16))

What is a Reportable Force?

The San Francisco Police Department defines Reportable Force as: Any use of force which is required to overcome subject resistance to gain compliance that results in death, injury, complaint of injury in the presence of an officer, or complaint of pain that persists beyond the use of a physical control hold. Any use of force involving the use of personal body weapons, chemical agents, impact weapons, extended range impact weapons, vehicle interventions, and firearms. Any intentional pointing of a firearm at a subject. (SFPD DGO 5.01, Use of Force Policy (Rev.12/21/16))

How is Use of Force counted?

Use of Force is counted per incident, per officer, per subject and by force type. For example, if an officer points a firearm at a subject while another officer uses physical control on the same subject, use of force will be counted as 1 incident, 2 officers, 1 subject and 2 types of force.

There may be more than one use of force type reported for a single incident or subject. As a result, the number of incidents will be lower than the number of total uses of force.

What is not captured in this dataset?

This dataset does not include any potentially identifiable information of officers conducting use of force. Per California Penal Code 832.7(a) and 832.8, demographic information related to an officer is not releasable. This dataset may not capture other law enforcement agency use of force within San Francisco (BART PD, US Park Police, for example.)

What privacy controls are this data set subject to?

The release of this data must balance the need for disclosure to the public against the risk of violating the privacy of those individuals present within the dataset. As such, the dataset is subject to several privacy controls to ensure anonymity for all persons within the data.

Unique IDs

This dataset does not provide an officer’s star number as Officer star numbers can be changed and/or reused over time. One-time generated unique ids (UOF EMPLOYEE UID, SUPERVISOR UID, and CURRENT EMPLOYEE UID) are provided to enable accurate tracking of officers in the dataset.

Juvenile Data

Per California Government Code (GC) § 6254 and California Welfare and Institutions Code § 827, incidents identifying juvenile information will not be available in this dataset. In the case of an incident where multiple individuals, juvenile and adult, are present, the entire incident is removed. There were 391 juvenile incidents retained from this dataset for this reason.

Mental Health Records

Medical health information is excluded from this dataset to protect potentially identifiable information, private health information and the ability to link records across datasets. There were 525 mental health related incidents retained from this dataset for this reason.

Confidential Records

Confidential Records Records of incidents falling under certain crime categories are commonly redacted to protect the identity of these particularly vulnerable victims and affected populations. The categories subject to redaction include incident types which involve a response by the Special Victims Unit, Homicide Unit, Crisis Intervention Team, and Special Investigations Division. There were 424 confidential incidents, and 258 domestic violence incidents subject to redaction.

Incident Location

Incident locations are shown at the intersection level only. Approximately 7% of incident locations do not have a corresponding intersection and were not geocoded. 1.4% of the incidents occurred Outside of SF. 5.6% of incidents were not geocoded due to errors made in the data entry, i.e., misspelled street names, street names no longer used (Army St), or parallel streets listed as intersections (Golden Gate Ave/Turk St).

Field Definitions

SFPD Data Element
Description/Definition

UOF DATE

Date of UOF Incident - MM/DD/YYYY

UOF YEAR

Year of UOF Incident

UOF QUARTER

Quarter of UOF Incident

INCIDENT DATE

Date of UOF Incident

INCIDENT TIME

Time of UOF Incident

INCIDENT DATETIME

Date & Time of UOF Incident

INCIDENT NUMBER

UOF Incident Number

INCIDENT ID

Unique Identification Number of UOF Incident

CAD NUMBER

CAD Number

REPORT NUMBER

Number of UOF Report- coincides with Incident in Crime Data Warehouse

REPORTED DATE

Distinct from Incident Date, Report Date is when the UOF report was filed.

REPORTED TIME

Distinct from Incident time, Report Time is time of when the report was filed.

CREATED DATE (EIS Entry Date)

Date UOF Incident was entered by EIS

MODIFIED DATE (EIS Modification Date)

Date UOF Incident was modified by EIS

CALL TYPE

Type of Call officers responded to

ON_VIEW_DISPATCH

Dispatched or On viewed calls

INCIDENT TYPE

Type of UOF Incident

BUREAU

Bureau

DISTRICT

District of where the UOF Incident occurred

INTERSECTION

Intersection of where the UOF Incident occurred

ANALYSIS NEIGHBORHOOD

Neighborhood of the UOF Incident

SUPERVISOR DISTRICT

Supervisor District of the UOF Incident

POLICE COMPANY

Police Company

POINT

Point (Lat/Lon)

FORCE_IN_POLICY

Force in Policy

INCIDENT STATUS

Status of UOF Incident

UOF EMPLOYEE_UID

UOF Employee Unique Identifier

EMPLOYEE RANK AT INCIDENT

Rank of the Employee, i.e. Q 2, Q3, Q4

UNIT ID

Unit Identifier

PHOTOS TAKEN

Were photos taken of the employee

PLAIN CLOTHES

Was the employee in plain clothes

SUPERVISOR_UID

Supervisor Unique Identifier

SUPERVISOR RANK

Supervisor's Rank at the Incident

CURRENT EMPLOYEE_UID

Employee Unique Identifier

CREATED DATE (Entry Date)

Created date and/or Entry

EFF START DT

Effective Start Date of the Employee's Current Department

EFF END DT

Effective End Date of Employee

MODIFIED DATE (Current)

Modified Date

SUBJECT NUMBER

Subject Unique Identifier

SUBJECT AGE

Subject Age

SUBJECT RACE

Subject Race

SUBJECT SEX

Subject Sex

CHARGES

Subject Charges

DISPOSITION

Subject Disposition

SUBJECT INJURED

Subject Injured

COMPLAINT OF PAIN

Subject Complaint of Pain

SUBJECT DEATH

Subject Death

LANGUAGE SPOKEN

Subject Language Spoken

SUBJECT HOMELESS

Subject Homeless

SUBJECT ARMED

Subject Armed

WEAPON TYPE

Weapon Type

REASON DESC

Reason Description

FORCE DESC

Type of Force Used

FORCE USED OTHER

Other Type of Force Used

TYPE OF FORCE EFFECTIVE

Type of Force Effective

FORCE USED COMMENTS

Force Used Comments

COUNT OF INCIDENTS

Count of Each Incident

COUNT OF FORCE

Count of each Type of Force

DATA AS OF

Timestamp data was processed in source system

DATA LOADED AT

Timestamp when the data was uploaded to the Open Data Portal

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